The causes of obesity are rooted in the modern lifestyle, in which the abundant nutrition, rich in fats is accompanied by insufficient consumption of energy, and decreased physical activity. Obesity occurs, when the taking of calories exceeds the amount of energy burnt by human. Facts show that obesity often has more than one cause. The genetic assumption, the regime of nutrition, the physical activity, psychological and other factors – all they together or individually can influence obesity.

The genetic assumption.
Obesity is often typical for whole families, which may mean that the cause is rooted in genetic diathesis. However, one has to bear in mind that the members of a family are not not only genetically linked, but they also have similar lifestyle and nutrition, which have also relation to obesity . The distribution of the factors conditioning by the lifestyle from the genetic ones is often very difficult. Yet, there exist many evidence that heredity is a determining factor upon obesity.

Despite all, people who think that their genes condemn them to life subordinate to obesity, don’t have to be desperate. Many people prone to obesity, never become too fat, or they manage to lose weight and to keep their weight in norm.

The nutrition regime.
Most often the causes for obesity are related to nutrition. Very often they are set ever since breastfeeding age. When a child is systematically overfed, in its body there form many fat cells. Later on when growing upon incorrect nutrition, those fat cells can very easily increase their quantity and to reach to obesity.

The basic mistakes made in everyday nutrition are the high consumption of food rich in carbohydrates ; the high consumption of fats; the systematic use of beer and concentrated alcoholic drinks; the lack of fresh fruit and vegetables /especially in winter/; the irregular nutrition – once or twice a day, as the basic quantity of food is taken in the evenings before sleep.

Psychological factors.
They also influence the nutrition habits. Many people go too far with nutrition in response to negative emotions like boredom, sorrow or rage.

Other causes of obesity.
Some rare diseases can cause obesity. These are hypothyroidism, syndrom of Cushing, depression, some neurological problems, which lead to overeating. Some medicaments like steroids and anti – depressants can lead to excessive weight accumulation.

Moreover, upon continuous insufficient sleep, when the body cannot compensate the lack of sleep, there increases the danger of occurrence of obesity, cardiac diseases and depression.

How to prevent obesity?

The planned making of an unloading day of the week, only with apples and tea, or apples and milk, has a very good effect on body. Such an unloading day can be done after abundant overeating from the previous day. However, the continuous remaining on this diet, for a week or longer, hides risk of serious disorder of the internal balance of body, as it deprives it of basic nutritive substances. In this case, these are the proteins. And as body doesn’t have any reserve of proteins, it starts decomposing its own protein structure.

People have to know, that various diets which are spread, usually deprive body of one or more basic nutritive substances. For this reason, after achieving of weight loss and passing to a normal nutrition regime, kilos very fast come back to the initial weight. Moreover, they are not complied with the age peculiarities, taste preferences and mostly with chronic diseases, which accompany obesity. The good diet has to be complied with the basic principles of rational food, corrected depending on the searched effect.

Of course, very important is the nutrition regime . Food has to be taken 3 – 4 times daily without overeating. One has to prefer the black bread – rye and mostly whole – grain. Each day raw fresh fruit and vegetables have to be taken, in the form of salads, desserts, interim eatings. In all possible cases sugar and sweet things have to be replaced with fresh fruit. Milk has also to be present in the menu. It is good the soft drinks to be replaced with fruit juices or milk drinks. Salami and sausages and fat meat have to be avoided, and chicken, veal and fish to be preferred . One has to also avoid the systematic use of alcohol.

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